Dhulka Global South: 113 waddan oo bixiya deyn ka badan waxbarashada
Daraasad cusub oo UNESCO ay soo saartay ayaa muujinaysa culeyska deynta ee dalalka soo koraya
Waxaa jira 113 waddan oo tiradoodu tahay 6.1 bilyan oo qof kuwaas oo kharashka ay ku bixiyaan adeegsiga deynta ay ka badan tahay waxa ay ku bixiyaan waxbarashada dadkooda. Tani waxay muujinaysaa dhibaato nidaamka maaliyadeed ee caalamiga ah.
Culeyska Deynta ee Dalalka Dakhliga Yar
Dalalka dakhliga yar, lacagta loo bixiyo deyntu waxay ku dhowdahay inay afar jibaar tahay kharashka waxbarashada. Waxaana 18 waddan oo ugu deynta badan ay dowladahoodu u bixiyaan ugu yaraan shan jeer wax ka badan deynta marka loo eego waxbarashada.
Baankiga Adduunka ayaa sheegay in dalalka soo koraya ay u wareegeen deymihii dibadda $741 bilyan intii u dhaxaysay 2022 ilaa 2024, taas oo ahayd qulqulka ugu weyn ee deynta 50 sano gudaheed. Sannadkii 2024, danta la bixiyay wuxuu gaaray $415 bilyan.
Gargaarka Waxbarashada iyo Qorshayaasha Beddelka Deynta
UNESCO waxay saadaalinaysaa in gargaarka caalamiga ee waxbarashadu hoos u dhaco ilaa 30 boqolkiiba intii u dhaxaysay 2023 iyo 2027. UNESCO sidoo kale waxay soo jeedisay balaadhin qorshayaasha beddelka deynta ee waxbarashada.
Heshiisyadii 2023 ee Faransiiska iyo Ivory Coast waxay maalgeliyeen in ka badan 30 dugsi. Jarmalku wuxuu Masar ku taageeray quudinta dugsiyada, Spain-Peruna waxay maalgelisay mashaariic waxbarasho.
Xaqa Waxbarashada iyo Awoodda Lacagta
Qandaraasyada deyntu waa kuwo qasab ah oo jebintoodu keeni karto hoos u dhac darajo, bixitaan maaliyadeed iyo dacwooyin. Xaqa waxbarashaduna ma leh mashiin sharci oo la mid ah.
Miisaaniyadda waxbarashadu waa kharash soo noqnoqda sida mushaharka macallimiinta. Marka dowladdu xayirto mushaharka guud, ma xallin karto yaraanta macallimiinta.
Record outflows to creditors coincide with projected cuts in global education aid
A new UNESCO-backed assessment finds that 113 countries representing 6.1 billion people now spend more on debt servicing than on education. In low-income states, debt payments run nearly four times education spending, revealing a structural financing imbalance.
Scale of the Debt Overhang
The World Bank reports that developing countries transferred $741 billion more to external creditors in principal and interest between 2022 and 2024 than they received in new financing. This was the largest net debt outflow recorded in at least 50 years.
In 2024 alone, low and middle-income countries paid a record $415 billion in interest. Among the most heavily indebted states, 18 governments spend at least five times more on debt than on education, deepening the gap between obligations and public services.
Enforcement Gap and Budget Pressure
Debt contracts are treated as binding obligations whose breach can trigger credit downgrades, capital flight, lawsuits and exclusion from financial markets. The right to education, by contrast, carries no comparable machinery of enforcement.
Education budgets consist largely of recurring expenditure, especially teachers' salaries. When governments are instructed to freeze public-sector wage bills, they cannot solve teacher shortages or expand access, despite international proclamations of education priority.
Aid Decline and Swap Examples
UNESCO projects that international assistance for education could decline by as much as 30 percent between 2023 and 2027. Debtor countries are thus squeezed as aid retreats while debt payments continue unchanged.
UNESCO has proposed expanding debt-for-education swaps. A 2023 France-Ivory Coast agreement financed over 30 schools; a German-Egypt accord supported school feeding; and a Spain-Peru programme funded vulnerable-region education projects.
