Anthropic Sheegay Nidaam Genetiig ah oo Ku Ololeeya Crispr: Maxaa Hadda Ka Dambeeya?
Shirkadda AI-ka ah ee Anthropic ayaa 23-kii September sheegtay in model-keeda Claude uu ka helay nidaam enzyme ah oo ku ololeeya Crispr, iyadoo 950 agent ah oo isku mar shaqaynayay ay 21.5 saacadood guda galeen. Nidaamkaas oo loo yaqaan ART, wuxuu ku jiraan fayrasyo waaweyn oo ku dhuumaalaya bakhtiyada, laakiin warbixinta ma ahan mid la baaritaan sameeyay.
Sidee loo helay nidaamka ART?
Anthropic waxay sheegtay in Claude uu horay u ogaaday in ka badan 200,000 reverse transcriptase, kadibna uu doorbiday kuwa cusub si uu u helo midka uu u yaqaanno ART. Tani waxay ahayd tallaabo kooban oo ka dhigaysa in la ogaado nidaamkaas, laakiin ma ahan mid la xaqiijiyay.
Fyodor Urnov, oo ka tirsan Jaamacadda Berkeley, wuxuu yiri: 'Waan ku faraxsanahay in Anthropic ay adduunka u sheegto faa'iidooyinkeeda.' Laakiin Le Cong, oo ka tirsan Stanford, wuxuu yiri: 'Tijaabadaadu weli ku jirtaa qeybta, laakiin warbaahinta waa la soo saaray.' Waxaa sidoo kale jira shaki ku saabsan xogta modelku ku baran karo.
Maxaa ka duwan Crispr?
Nidaamka ART ma ahan mid la xiriirayo Crispr, balse wuxuu leeyahay xirfadahaas oo kale. Jason Gill, oo ka tirsan Texas A&M, wuxuu yiri: 'Model-kan waa mid aad u fiican oo ka fiican in qof ku eego.' Laakiin weli ma ahan mid la xaqiijiyay inuu noqon karo tillaabooyin cusub.
Seth Shipman, oo ka tirsan Gladstone Institutes, wuxuu yiri: 'Waxa cusub waa sida loo helay, ma ahan waxa la helay.' Waxaa sidoo kale jira in 2021 ay horey u ogaadeen nidaamkaas, laakiin Claude wuxuu ka dhigay mid muhiim ah.
Maxaa hadda ka dambeeya?
Dario Amodei, oo ah hoggaamiyaha Anthropic, wuxuu yiri: 'Haddii ay noqoto in Claude uu si toos ah u sameeyo tijaabooyinka, waxay noqon kartaa mid aad u muhiim ah.' Laakiin weli ma ahan mid la xaqiijiyay inuu noqon karo tillaabooyin cusub.
Waxaa sidoo kale jira in 25 sano ka dib markii la ogaaday Crispr, la isku dayay in la isticmaalo, laakiin weli ma ahan mid la xaqiijiyay inuu noqon karo tillaabooyin cusub. Waxaa sidoo kale jira in 2023 ay horey u sameeyeen dhaqan, laakiin weli ma ahan mid la xaqiijiyay inuu noqon karo tillaabooyin cusub.
On September 23, Anthropic revealed that its large language model Claude identified an enzyme system with properties reminiscent of Crispr, the Nobel Prize-winning gene-editing tool, after scanning genomic databases in just 21.5 hours.
How Claude Found the System
Anthropic deployed approximately 950 Claude agents simultaneously to search for reverse transcriptases, proteins that copy RNA into DNA. The model initially flagged more than 200,000 candidates before narrowing its focus to an unusual family containing repeat sequences resembling Crispr. Anthropic named this system ART, short for array-associated reverse transcriptases, and found it in jumbo phages, large viruses that infect bacteria.
The company stated in an X post that it does not yet understand what the system does, but noted that only a handful of known systems share its features, and all of them are able to cut, copy, and paste DNA. Anthropic emphasized that Claude was not trained on any user transcripts, and its molecular biology team has no such access either.
Scientific Skepticism and Context
Le Cong, a professor at Stanford University, remarked that the experiments are still in the queue while the PR is already live. He compared the situation to scanning sand on Santa Monica Beach for a diamond, noting that AI found something shiny but scientists must return to the lab to determine whether it is glass or a diamond. The technical report has not been peer-reviewed, and it remains unknown whether the enzyme system can be used as a gene-editing tool.
Jason Gill, a microbiologist at Texas A&M University, said these models are good at finding patterns, better than a person staring at it with their eyeballs can. However, he added that ART appears to have no obvious relationship to any known Crispr system, and it is on Anthropic to prove that it actually has gene-editing activity.
Broader Implications for AI in Science
Fyodor Urnov, a gene-editing expert at the University of California, Berkeley, said he sincerely compliments Anthropic for telling the world about their discovery. Seth Shipman, associate investigator at the Gladstone Institutes, noted that the novel thing is how they found it, not what it is, and cautioned against attributing the discovery entirely to an AI model.
Anthropic CEO Dario Amodei mused that eventually it may even be possible for Claude itself to safely perform the experiments by autonomously controlling lab equipment. However, it took 25 years from the initial discovery of Crispr sequences in bacteria in 1987 until Jennifer Doudna and Emmanuelle Charpentier demonstrated it could be a programmable tool to cut DNA in 2012, underscoring the long arc of scientific progress.
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Sawir: Wired Xigasho
