Xad-dhaqameedka Mareykanka ee Iran: Hawada iyo Safarka waa noqotay mid aan caadi ahayn
Xad-dhaqameedka cusub ee Mareykanka ee ka dhacay September-ka ee ku saabsan qeybta hawada Iran ayaa keentay inay dib u dhacaan iyo in la joojiyo duulimaadyo badan, taasoo saameyn weyn ku yeelatay safarka iyo ganacsiga dalkaasi.
Joojinta Duulimaadyada iyo Khataraha Sanadka
Dowladda Mareykanka ayaa September-ka ku xad-dhaqameysay qeybta hawada Iran, iyadoo ku xiray shirkadaha diyaaradaha, kuwa bixiya adeegyada dhulka iyo kuwa bixiya tikidhada, taasoo keentay inay dalkaasi ka baxaan xisaabta maaliyadeed ee Mareykanka. Iran waxay ku eedeysan tahay in diyaaradaha ay u adeegaan xiriirka ciidamada dalka, gaar ahaan ciidamada IRGC, iyadoo la sheegay in diyaaraduhu ay u isticmaaleen inay u geeyaan dalka Suuriya.
Duulimaadyada Iran ee ku socda Bagdad iyo Muscat ayaa la joojiyay, halka Azerbaijan iyo Georgia ay ku joojiyeen inay qaataan diyaaradaha Iran. Turkmenistan ayaa September-ka 24-aad ku diiday in diyaarad Iran ka socotay Tehran u gasho Dushanbe, taasoo keentay inay dib u noqoto dalka. Turkey, Armenia iyo China ma sameeyeen xad-dhaqamo dhammaystiran, balse safarayaashu waa kuwo aan si fiican u raadinin tikidhada.
Safarayaashu waa kuwo u gudba dhulka
Safarayaashu waxay ku guuleysteen inay u gudbaan dhulka, iyadoo qofkii duulimaadkiisa la joojiyay uu u gudbay dhulka ka hor inta uusan u gaarin Istanbul. Dhulka ayaa aad u buuxday, iyadoo dad badan ay u gudbiyeen sababtoo ah waxay ka cabsadeen in la joojiyo wadada. Safarayaashu waxay ku kordhiyeen khuraafaadka, iyadoo qoysaska, carruurta, ardayda iyo dadka caafimaadka ay u baahan yihiin inay u gudbaan dhulka.
Duulimaadyada hawada ayaa saameyn ku yeeshay ganacsiga, gaar ahaan kuwa ku saabsan dhaq-dhaqaaqa degdegga ah, qalabka caafimaadka, qalabka ganacsiga iyo samaynta. Iran waxay ku jirtaa xad-dhaqamo badan oo ku saabsan ganacsiga badda, taasoo keentay inay u baahan tahay inay u gudbaan dhulka iyo wadada.
Xaaladda hawada Iran iyo saameynta
Iran waxay horey u lahayd dhibaatooyin hawada, iyadoo wasiirka duulista ay sheegtay in qaar ka mid ah duulimaadyadu ay u socdaan binaafo la'aan, taasoo keentay inay u baahan yihiin inay u gudbaan dhulka. Diyaaradaha Iran waxay ku jiraan xad-dhaqamo badan, iyadoo qaar ka mid ah diyaaraduhu ay u baahan yihiin inay u gudbaan dhulka iyo wadada.
Alireza Salavati, wuxuu sheegay in xad-dhaqamada hawada Iran ma saameyn weyn ku yeelan doonaan GDP-ka dalka, balse waxay saameyn ku yeelan doonaan xiriirka ganacsiga, ardayda, qoysaska iyo dadka caafimaadka. Iran waxay ku jirtaa xad-dhaqamo badan oo ku saabsan ganacsiga badda, taasoo keentay inay u baahan tahay inay u gudbaan dhulka iyo wadada.
New US sanctions targeting Iran's aviation sector have triggered a wave of flight cancellations across the Middle East, leaving passengers stranded and forcing many to seek land crossings as air links crumble.
Sanctions Target Iran's Aviation Network
Earlier this month, the US Treasury Department launched 'Operation Economic Outcast,' imposing secondary sanctions on Iranian airlines and companies providing ground handling, ticketing or airport support services. The threat of losing access to the US financial system has made servicing Iranian aircraft too risky for airports, fuel suppliers and aviation firms worldwide.
Washington argues that Iranian carriers have served not only civilian passengers but also military and security networks. Mahan Air has been accused of supporting the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), while former Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif revealed in a 2021 interview that Qassem Soleimani used civilian aircraft to move forces to Syria.
Flights Cancelled Across the Region
Iranian flights to Baghdad and Muscat have been suspended or canceled, while Azerbaijan and Georgia stopped accepting Iranian carriers. On September 24, Turkmenistan refused permission for an Iranian aircraft flying from Tehran to Dushanbe to cross its airspace, forcing the plane to return. Turkey, Armenia and China have not announced blanket restrictions, but passengers are increasingly reluctant to buy tickets because even a confirmed booking does not guarantee departure.
One passenger told DW that agencies would still sell him a ticket but could not guarantee the flight would actually operate. The US also suspended the 'J-1' general license, which had allowed non-Iranian aircraft to make temporary stops in Iran, further increasing legal and financial risks for airlines and service providers.
Passengers Turn to Land Crossings Amid Rising Costs
With air connections increasingly uncertain, more passengers are turning to land crossings. One traveler whose flight was canceled told DW he traveled overland from Iran to Turkey before continuing to Istanbul by air. The border was very crowded, with many people trying to leave because they were worried the routes might close.
For families, older people, students and patients, however, crossing a land border and continuing by road and air can be far more difficult than taking a direct flight. Costs also rise quickly as passengers add road transport, accommodation and additional flights to journeys that previously required a single ticket.
Ilaha iyo xuquuqda sawirka
Sawir: DW World Xigasho
