Waxaa la soo saaray warbixin cusub oo ku saabsan sida qorraxda sheeppox-ka uga soo baxday qoraallada dhaqanka ee dhaqanka, iyadoo ay muujisay in cudurkan uu ka jiray baabuurta Soomaaliya ee Yurub muddo 3,500 sano ah.
Cudurka Sheeppox-ka iyo Taariikhdiisa
Sheeppox waa cudur viral ah oo aad u faafa oo mararka qaar dhimasho ku dhaca, kaas oo 20-aadkii daqiiqaddii ka baxay baabuurta Yurub, laakiin weli waxaa jira dhaqdhaqaaqyo gobolka ah sidaas oo u dhacay Soomaaliya ee Greece.
Waxaa la sheegay in cudurkan uu ka jiray baabuurta Soomaaliya ee Yurub muddo 3,500 sano ah, iyadoo ay muujisay in cudurkan uu ka jiray baabuurta Soomaaliya ee Yurub muddo 3,500 sano ah.
Barnaamijka Cilmiga ee Qoraallada Dhaqanka
Waxaa la sameeyay barnaamij cilmiga ah oo lagu baarayo DNA-ka sheeppox-ka ee qoraallada dhaqanka, iyadoo loo isticmaaliyay qoraallada dhaqanka ee dhaqanka ee dhaqanka.
Waxaa la sheegay in cudurkan uu ka jiray baabuurta Soomaaliya ee Yurub muddo 3,500 sano ah, iyadoo ay muujisay in cudurkan uu ka jiray baabuurta Soomaaliya ee Yurub muddo 3,500 sano ah.
Natiijooyinka Warbixinta
Waxaa la sheegay in cudurkan uu ka jiray baabuurta Soomaaliya ee Yurub muddo 3,500 sano ah, iyadoo ay muujisay in cudurkan uu ka jiray baabuurta Soomaaliya ee Yurub muddo 3,500 sano ah.
Waxaa la sheegay in cudurkan uu ka jiray baabuurta Soomaaliya ee Yurub muddo 3,500 sano ah, iyadoo ay muujisay in cudurkan uu ka jiray baabuurta Soomaaliya ee Yurub muddo 3,500 sano ah.
Scientists have extracted and sequenced sheeppox virus DNA preserved in the animal skins used to make medieval manuscript parchment, revealing the virus has plagued Eurasian sheep herds for at least 3,500 years.
A New Way to Read Disease History
The recording of ancient DNA of pathogens has completely changed our understanding of infectious disease in the past, and here we show that parchment can also preserve animal pathogen DNA. It is possible that archives and libraries around the world also contain the genetic traces of disease outbreaks in animals in the past.
These genomes help us understand how these pathogens evolved and how they impacted past societies—such as sheeppox virus, which we show has been affecting Eurasian sheep herds for at least three and a half millennia.
From Roman Times to Modern Outbreaks
The earliest known written evidence of sheeppox infection dates to the first century CE, when Roman accounts described outbreaks of skin lesions in the animals. There are more frequent mentions of deadly outbreaks of pockes or variola in sheep by the Middle Ages, recorded in various agricultural texts and accounting documents in France, Spain, and England.
There seemed to be a decline in outbreaks in 17th-century France, although frequent outbreaks re-emerged in the 18th and 19th centuries, often with high mortality rates in the flocks. Great Britain did not experience a sheeppox resurgence until 1847.
How the Study Was Conducted
Sheeppox is a highly contagious, often fatal viral disease that was largely eradicated from much of European livestock in the 20th century. But there is still the occasional regional outbreak, such as the one that afflicted many flocks of sheep in Greece last year.
L'Hôte et al. turned to analyzing DNA in medieval manuscripts—the parchments were often made from sheep leather. A number of analytical techniques have emerged in recent decades to help create these kinds of historical molecular records.
Ilaha iyo xuquuqda sawirka
Sawir: Ars Technica Xigasho
