Kratom poison center cases have surged 6,500% in the U.S.

Kratom poison center cases have surged 6,500% in the U.S.

News

– Society for the Study of Addiction

– Kratom use and serious health problems linked to it have risen dramatically across the United States over the past decade. Poison center reports jumped from just 19 cases in 2010 to more than 1,200 in 2023, while severe outcomesâincluding life-threatening complications, disability, and deathâalso climbed sharply. Researchers warn that kratom can trigger seizures, abnormal heart rhythms, liver damage, and breathing problems, with risks potentially increasing when it is combined with other drugs

Kratom, a psychoactive plant that can produce opioid like effects at high doses, has been linked to a sharp rise in poison center reports and serious medical outcomes across the United States. New research published in Addiction found that reported kratom exposures have increased dramatically over the past decade.

Details

According to the study, kratom exposures reported to America’s Poison Centers climbed from just 19 cases in 2010 to 1,242 cases in 2023. That represents an increase of more than 65 times (6,500%).

Serious cases also became much more common. There were no severe outcomes reported in 2010 (2012 was the first year in which a severe outcome was reported), compared with 158 severe cases in 2023. Researchers classified a severe medical outcome as one involving life-threatening effects, significant lasting disability, or death.

The researchers also found notable differences among states based on how kratom is regulated. States that banned kratom consistently had lower rates of reported exposure, severe medical outcomes, and healthcare use than states with consumer protection policies or no kratom regulations.

Analysis

Kratom Risks and State Regulations

Senior author Dr. Ryan Feldman, of the Medical College of Wisconsin, comments: “Kratom is not scheduled under the US Controlled Substances Act or approved for medical use by the FDA, which leaves US states to set their own regulations. Or not: several US states do not regulate kratom at all, and they consistently had worse outcomes in this study than states that banned kratom use.

“Evidence shows kratom can cause serious health effects like seizures, irregular heart rhythms, liver damage, and breathing problems. Nearly one in seven cases reported to a poison center with a single-substance kratom exposure were admitted to a hospital, and one in 16 were admitted to a critical care unit. If kratom is used in combination with other drugs, as it often is, kratom’s tendency to interfere with metabolic pathways can heighten the risks of the accompanying drugs.

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